> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.learningcommons.org/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Standards Crosswalks

> Reference for standards crosswalk relationships in Knowledge Graph: map state mathematics standards to Common Core using Jaccard similarity and learning component overlap.

## About

Standards Crosswalks connect state mathematics standards to their closest matching Common Core State Standards (CCSSM) based on measurable overlap of Learning Components.

Crosswalks provide developers and content providers with a scalable way to extend mappings from CCSSM to state-specific frameworks without having to independently replicate matching logic. By leveraging the LC superset, crosswalks show where state and CCSSM standards converge in content coverage. This data can be used to more easily adapt content aligned to CCSSM for use in specific jurisdictions

### Key characteristics

* **Evidence-based mapping**: Crosswalks are built only when standards share at least one LC.
* **Similarity measurement**: Each relationship includes a jaccard similarity score and supporting counts of LCs.
* **Directionality**: Crosswalks always connect from a state standard → CCSSM standard and not between states.
* **Scope**: Limited to math standards in states where [LC alignment](/knowledge-graph/graph-reference/learning-components) exists.

This design ensures that crosswalks are transparent, consistent, and extensible as additional states’ Learning Components alignments are completed.

## Data relationship diagram

<Frame>
  <img
    src="https://mintcdn.com/czi-60a2a443/bb-F2r75Gz83PPsi/images/kg/standards-crosswalks.svg?fit=max&auto=format&n=bb-F2r75Gz83PPsi&q=85&s=a0861ab5f70a6d17e4c2f488a301184b"
    alt="Diagram: state mathematics standards linked to Common Core standards via
hasStandardAlignment, with Jaccard similarity and shared Learning
Components"
    width="921"
    height="562"
    data-path="images/kg/standards-crosswalks.svg"
  />
</Frame>

<Accordion title="Diagram description">
  The diagram shows the **Standards Crosswalks** dataset only: state mathematics standards mapped to Common Core State Standards. Both endpoints are `StandardsFrameworkItem` (defined in [Academic Standards](/knowledge-graph/graph-reference/academic-standards#entities)). Direction is always state → CCSS, not between states. Edge properties include jaccard and LC counts; see [Relationship properties](#relationship-properties) below.

  **Example (New York → CCSS):** A **state standard** is a `StandardsFrameworkItem` from a state framework—e.g. *NY 3.NF.1 (Understand a fraction 1/b as the quantity formed by 1 part when a whole is partitioned into b equal parts)*. A **CCSS standard** is a `StandardsFrameworkItem` from Common Core Math—e.g. *3.NF.A.1*. A **hasStandardAlignment** edge connects them when they share at least one Learning Component; the edge has properties such as `jaccard` (e.g. 0.85), `stateLCCount`, `ccssLCCount`, `sharedLCCount`. So: NY 3.NF.1 -\[:hasStandardAlignment]-> 3.NF.A.1. Crosswalks are only state → CCSS (never state → state).

  **Edge list (source → relationship → target):**

  <ul>
    <li>`StandardsFrameworkItem` (state) → `hasStandardAlignment` → `StandardsFrameworkItem` (CCSS) (e.g. NY 3.NF.1 → 3.NF.A.1)</li>
  </ul>
</Accordion>

## Relationships

Each crosswalk is represented as a directional relationship: `(State standard) -[:hasStandardAlignment]-> (CCSS standard)`.

### Relationship properties

The relationship includes quantitative measures of similarity:

| Property        | Description                                                                   |
| :-------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `jaccard`       | Proportion of shared LCs between state and CCSS standards (0 \< jaccard ≤ 1). |
| `stateLCCount`  | Number of Learning Components supporting the state standard.                  |
| `ccssLCCount`   | Number of Learning Components supporting the CCSS standard.                   |
| `sharedLCCount` | Number of Learning Components shared by both standards.                       |

Only standards with at least one shared Learning Component are included. Every `hasStandardAlignment` edge represents an evidence-based connection.

<Note>
  The Jaccard index measures similarity between two sets — here, the sets of Learning Components that support each standard.

  *Jaccard = Shared Learning Components ÷ (State Learning Components + CCSS Learning Components − Shared Learning Components)*

  * Score of 1.0 – Standards share *all* of their Learning Components
  * Score of 0.0 – Standards share *none* of their Learning Components
  * Scores between 0 and 1 – Standards have *partial overlap*, with higher values representing stronger similarity.

      <Info>
        **Example**: If a state standard has 5 Learning Components, a CCSSM
        standard has 6, and they share 4 of them, their Jaccard index would be
        calculated as follows:

        *Jaccard* = 4/(5+6−4) = 0.57

        i.e., about 57% of these standards' underlying skills overlap
      </Info>

  The `StandardsFrameworkItem` entity is defined in [Academic Standards](/knowledge-graph/graph-reference/academic-standards).
</Note>

### `hasStandardAlignment`

A `hasStandardAlignment` connects a State Standard `StandardsFrameworkItem` to a CCSS Standard `StandardsFrameworkItem` when the two share overlapping Learning Components.

`(:StandardsFrameworkItem) -[:hasStandardAlignment]-> (:StandardsFrameworkItem)`

```json example.json theme={null}
{
  "type": "relationship",
  "identifier": "3edc451c-392b-50ad-addd-d6b76ab7ab49",
  "label": "hasStandardAlignment",
  "properties": {
    "dateCreated": "2026-01-02",
    "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "targetEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
    "attributionStatement": "Knowledge Graph is provided by Learning Commons under the CC BY-4.0 license.",
    "description": "A hasStandardAlignment relationship connects a State standard to a CCSS standard when the two are supported by overlapping sets of Learning Components. The relationship indicates an evidence-based crosswalk derived from measurable overlap of deconstructed skills, expressed through properties such as jaccard and LC counts. It does not imply sequence, dependency, or pedagogical progression, only the degree of shared content between the two standards.",
    "dateModified": "2026-01-02",
    "identifier": "3edc451c-392b-50ad-addd-d6b76ab7ab49",
    "stateLCCount": "2",
    "provider": "Learning Commons",
    "sourceEntity": "StandardsFrameworkItem",
    "sharedLCCount": "2",
    "sourceEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
    "ccssLCCount": "2",
    "author": "Learning Commons",
    "jaccard": "1.0",
    "targetEntityKey": "caseIdentifierUUID",
    "relationshipType": "hasStandardAlignment"
  },
  "source_identifier": "20d6435a-4b7f-53b7-abcc-cb61dcd36679",
  "source_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"],
  "target_identifier": "74721dc3-d49c-5f16-804c-4cb07fca6ed6",
  "target_labels": ["StandardsFrameworkItem"]
}
```